Waste generation trends in India

Any organic waste from urban and rural areas and industries is a resource due to its ability to get degraded resulting in energy generation.Waste can be processed through any of the following technological options, which can be categorized into thermal or biological conversion resulting in energy generation. The technologies for energy generation from solid wastes are multiple. ?         Sanitary landfill ?         Incineration ?        ...

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Geothermal energy is the natural heat of the earth

Geothermal energy is the natural heat of the earth. Earth's interior heat originated from its fiery consolidation of dust and gas over 4 billion years ago. It is continually regenerated by the decay of radioactive elements, that occur in all rocks. From the surface down through the crust, the normal temperature gradient - the increase of temperature with the increase of depth - in the Earth's crust is 17 °C -- 30 °C per kilometer...

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biomass has always been an important energy source

Biomass has been one of the main energy sources for the mankind ever since the dawn of civilisation, although its importance dwindled after the expansion in use of oil and coal in the late 19th century. There has been a resurgence of interest in the recent years in biomass energy in many countries considering the benefits it offers. It is renewable, widely available, and carbon-neutral and has the potential to provide significant productive employment in the rural areas. Biomass is also capable of providing firm energy. Estimates have indicated...

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Hydro power currently suffices one fifth of the global electricity supply

The word hydro comes from a Greek word meaning water. The energy from water has been harnessed to produce electricity since long. It is the first renewable energy source to be tapped essentially to produce electricity.Hydro power currently suffices one fifth of the global electricity supply, also improving the electrical system reliability and stability throughout the world. It also substantially avoids the green house gas emissions, thus complimenting the measures taken towards the climate change issues.Hydro projects below a specified capacity...

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Wind resource in India

The sun?s energy falling on the earth produces large-scale motions of the atmosphere causing winds, which are also influenced by small scale flows caused by local conditions such as nature of terrain, buildings, water bodies, etc. Wind energy is extracted by turbines to convert the energy into electricity. A small-scale and large-scale wind industry exists globally. The small-scale wind industry caters for urban settings where a wind farm is not feasible and also where there is a need for household electricity generation. The large-scale industry...

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The sun is the prime source of energy

 Solar Passive    The sun is the prime source of energy. Passive solar design refers to design that uses solar energy to attain thermal and visual comfort. It encompasses a wide range of strategies and options used in buildings to reduce energy consumption and increase occupant comfort. Passive solar design emphasizes architectural design approaches that minimize the demand for energy by measures such as appropriate building siting, efficient envelopes, appropriate fenestration, daylighting design,...

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Solar photovoltaic technology (SPV)

Solar photovoltaic technology (SPV) is primarily a semiconductor-based technology used to convert solar radiation into direct electricity. A basic PV system comprises PV modules and the balance of systems (BOS). Balance of systems includes support structure, wiring, storage, power electronics, etc. Components of PV system A PV system consists of the following components. 1 PV panels (also known as solar panels) 2 Battery 3 Charge controller 4 Inverter/converter 5 Mounting structure and tracking device 6 Interconnections and other devices BOS...

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Solar thermal energy has a number of attractive features

Solar thermal energy has a number of attractive features, which make it a very desirable energy source for India. Ample sunshine throughout the year ensures uninterrupted energy supply. In India, sunshine varies from 2300 to 3200 hours per year and the annual global radiation is 4?5 kWh/m2 -day, fairly spread over 80% of the country.Solar thermal technologiesSolar thermal technologies can be used for both, supplying thermal energy as well as for generating electricity. Applications of solar thermal technologies includesolar water and space heating...

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India is endowed with rich solar energy resource

India is endowed with rich solar energy resourceSolar Thermal    Solar PV    Solar Passive  India is endowed with rich solar energy resource. The average intensity of solar radiation received on India is 200 MW/km square (megawatt per kilometre square). With a geographical area of 3.287 million km square, this amounts to 657.4 million MW. However, 87.5% of the land is used for agriculture, forests, fallow lands, etc., 6.7% for housing, industry, etc., and 5.8% is either barren, snow bound, or generally inhabitable....

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Renewable energy

Renewable energy While fossil fuels and hydro-electricity will continue to play a dominant role in the energy scenario in our country in the next few decades, conventional energy resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas are limited and non-renewable. Also, fossil fuels need to be used prudently on account of being environmentally harmful. On the other hand, renewable energy resources are indigenous, non-polluting and virtually inexhaustible. India, being a tropical country, enjoys abundant sunshine. The country?s topography also provides...

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Distributed Generation

DG (distributed generation) is defined as installation and operation of small modular power generating technologies that can be combined with energy management and storage systems. It is used to improve the operations of the electricity delivery systems at or near the end user. These systems may or may not be connected to the electric grid. A distributed generation system can employ a range of technological options from renewable to non-renewable...

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Coal and lignite

Coal and lignite CoalThe Indian coal industry was nationalized in the early 1970s. While the production of coal increased from 70 MT (million tonnes) at the time of nationalization to 382 MT in 2004/05; the national coal industry has always been producing less coal than the actual demand leading to a shortage situation. The situation became more serious as emphasis increased on coal based power plants in last few years. The shortages led to backing down of many power plants. Loss of generation due to short supply of coal during the year 2004/05...

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Oil and natural gas sector - Introduction Value chain

Oil and natural gas sector - Introduction Value chain The oil industry can be divided into three major components: upstream, midstream and downstream. The upstream industry includes exploration and production activities, hence is also referred as the exploration and production (E&P) sector. The midstream industry processes, stores, markets and transports commodities including crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids (NGLs) like...

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Energy Sector India

This section provides in-depth information about resources and status of sectors like petroleum, natural gas, coal, and power (including thermal, hydro, nuclear, as well as transmission and distribution). Besides, trends in research, development, and deployment; and applications of renewable energy resources like solar, wind, small...

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